\(a,PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{10,8}{27}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\)

\(b,n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{\left(đktc\right)}}{22,4}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ Lập.tỉ.lệ:\dfrac{n_{Al}}{4}>\dfrac{n_{O_2}}{3}\Rightarrow Al.dư\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}.n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4}{3}.0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Al\left(dư\right)}=n_{Al\left(bđ\right)}-n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=0,4-0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ Theo.PTHH:n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Al}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al_2O_3}=n.M=0,1=102=10,2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{3,24}{27}=0,12mol\)

a)\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\) \(\Rightarrow\) phản ứng hóa hợp.

b)0,12    0,09    0,06

   \(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,06\cdot102=6,12g\)

c)\(V_{O_2}=0,09\cdot22,4=2,016l\)

a) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{8,1}{27}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4Al + 3O₂ --t^o--> 2Al₂O₃

______0,3--------------->0,15

=> \(m_{Al_2O_3\left(PTHH\right)}=0,15.102=15,3\left(g\right)\)

=> m_{Al2O3 (thực tế)}  = \(\dfrac{15,3.100}{90}=17\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: Al + O₂ -> 2Al₂O₃

\(m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{8,1.90\%}{100\%}=7,29\left(g\right)\)

a)

$n_{Al} = \dfrac{10,8}{27} = 0,4(mol)$
$n_{O_2} = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)$

$4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{Al} : 4 = 0,1 < n_{O_2} : 3 = 0,1333$ nên Oxi dư

Vậy đưa tàn đóm vào ống nghiệm sau phản ứng thì que đóm có bùng cháy.

b)

$n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,2(mol)$
$m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,2.102 = 20,4(gam)$

Theo ĐLBTKL thì

m _Al + m _O2 = m _Al2O3

10,8 + 9,6 = a

=> a = 20,4 g

\(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\\ LTL:\dfrac{0,2}{4}< \dfrac{0,4}{5}\Rightarrow O_2dư\)

\(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=\dfrac{5}{4}.0,2=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,25=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{P_2O_5\left(lt\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_P=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ m_{P_2O_5\left(lt\right)}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\\ m_{P_2O_5\left(tt\right)}=0,1.142.80\%=11,36\left(g\right)\)

nAl=16,2/27= 0,6(mol)

a) PTHH: 4 Al +3 O2 -to-> 2 Al2O3

nO2= 3/4 . nAl=3/4 . 0,6= 0,45(mol)

=> V(O2,đktc)=0,45 x 22,4=10,08(l)

b) nAl2O3= nAl/2=0,6/2=0,3(mol)

=>mAl2O3=102. 0,3= 30,6(g)

c) 2KMnO4 -to-> K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2

nKMnO4= 2.nO2=2. 0,45=0,9(mol)

=>mKMnO4= 158 x 0,9= 142,2(g)

Đáp án D.

Định hướng tư duy giải

Đáp án D